This performance review of implementation of National Leprosy Eradication Programme in Kerala for the period 1996-97 to 2000-01 revealed that the NLEP activities introduced with a view to wiping out leprosy could not achieve the expected results despite the fact that the programme has been under implementation for more than 15 years mainly due to non-creation of required infrastructure facilities, lack of man power in critical cadres and lack of supervision and monitoring at all levels (Central, State, District and Unit level). The classification of district was wrongly made based on unrealistic Prevalence Rate (PR) calculated with reference to inadequate coverage of population and defective method of calculation of PR.